Hydrostatic leveling-instrument



u (No Moda.)

C A.KARR HYDROS'TATIC LBVBLIVNG INSTRUMENT. No. 375,450. Alfatented' Dec. 27,

N. PETERS. Photo-Lilhugmphnr. Wzshnglnn. D. C.

25ment1embodying my improvements.

.UNITED l STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES ALLENVKARR, CF GREEN ELM, KANSAS.

.HYDROSTATIC LEVELING=INSTRUIVIENT.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 375,450, dated December 27, 1887.

Application led June 24,' 1887. Serial No. 242,405. (No model.)

of Kansas,have invented a new and useful Improvement in Hydrostatic Balances, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to an improvement in hydrostatic leveling-instruments designed for Io use in ascertaining the levels of planes ot' different heights, Where it is impracticable, by reason of intervening obstructions or other- Wise, to use the ordinary level; and my invention consistsin the combination, with the standardsconnected by a tube, of floats arranged in the said standards'and adapted to serve as sights and also to serve as stoppers whenthe standards are overturned, to prevent the escape of liquid therefrom, as will be more 2o`fnlly set forth hereinaftemand particularly pointed out'in the claim.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is partly an elevation and partly a vertical sectional view of a hydrostatic leveling-instru- Fig. 2 is a transverse'sectional View, taken on the line .r x of Fig. 1.

M represents a pair of standards, each of which consists of a base, A, having an annular v 3o recess, a, on its upper side, a metallic tube, B,

having its lower edge secured in the said recess, a glass tube, C, arranged in the metallic tube, and a head, D, screwed into the upper end of the metallic tube, and effecting a Watertight joint with the fupper edge ot' the glass tube by means of a rubber or other suitable packing-ring, E. A similar packing-ring is also arranged between the lower end of the glass tube and the base. Each tube B is pro 4o vided in one side with a vertical slot, b, on one side of which is a graduated scale, b. Each l head D has a vertical central opening, d, and each base has a stop cock or valve, G, that communicates with the lower end of the glass tube, as shown.

N represents a flexible' tube, of sutlicient strengthand length, and which has its ends attached to the valves or stop-cocks G, thereby connecting the standards together. A suitable 5o quantity of water or other liquid is placed in the instrument as usual.

In each standard is a float, F, which is adapted to float on the column of liquidtherein, and indicate the height of the said column of liquid onv the graduated scale, as will be readily understood. Air which enters the upper ends of the standards through the openings d presses upon the upper sides of the floats, and the latter' are provided with suitable packing, which is rather loosely arranged in the glass tubes to permit the escape ot' air from between the walls of the glass tubes and the sides of the tloat.

In using the instrument, the standards are placed in proper positions, the valves are opened, and the liquid allowed to come to a level and raise the floats in the standards, to serve as sights, after which the valves are closed. y

In the event that the standards should be overturned, the pressure ofthe liquid therein will force the iioats snugly against the heads D and eftectually close thel opening d, and thereby prevent the escape of liquid from the standards. y

From the foregoing it will be understood that my floats serve the purpose of sights when the instrument is in use and as stoppers to prevent the escape of liquid when the instrument is overturned, the said iioats constituting the novel feature of my invention.

Having thus described my invention, I claim- In a hydrostatic leveling instrument, the standards having the air-inlet openings at their upper ends, and the floats arranged in the standards and serving the purpose of sights, said iioats being also adapted to close the openings in the upper ends ot' the standards and serve as Stoppers to prevent the escape of liquid therefrom when the. instrument s overturned, substantially as described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto affixed my signature in presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES ALLEN KABE.

Witnesses: l

J. N. VOIEEs, F. S. LAWS. 

